Seige & Fall of Sameria [740 BCE] 2 KG 17:5-41; 18:9-12

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SARGON II OF AKKADD

In his annals Sargon made the claim: “I besieged and conquered Samaria (Sa-me-ri-na).” (Ancient Near Eastern Texts, edited by James B. Pritchard, 1974, p. 284) However, that appears to be simply a boastful claim by Sargon or those who sought to glorify him, in which the accomplishment of the preceding ruler was claimed for the new monarch. A Babylonian chronicle, which may be more neutral, states concerning Shalmaneser V: “He ravaged Samaria.” (Assyrian and Babylonian Chronicles, by A. K. Grayson, 1975, p. 73) it

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2 Kings 17:24-41

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<< Assyria [ I N D E X ] >>

<< it Vol II p. 418 [Assyria] >>

• first populated by Semites shortly after the Flood

• Ishmael's descendants nomadic descendants traveled to Assyrian borders Ge 25:18

• Shalmaneser IIIChronicles ’s Black Obelisk at Nimrud lists Jehu (c. 904-877 B.C.E.) as paying tribute to him and carries a carving in relief possibly depicting Jehu’s emissary delivering the tribute to the Assyrian monarch

• The prophet Jonah was sent on a mission to Assyria’s capital Nineveh (c. 844)

• Menahem of Israel paid Tiglath-pileser III a thousand silver talents ($6,606,000) to withdrawal his attack (2Ki 15:19 20)

• Ahaz sent a bribe to Tiglath-pileser III so that he might attack the syria & Israel threat (1Ch 5:6, 26)

• Ahaz traveled to Damascus and evidently rendered homage to Tiglath-pileser 2Ki 15:29; 16:5-10, 18; 2Ch 28:16, 20, 21 compare Isa 7:17-20

• Hoshea conspired with Egypt to free Israel from the Assyrian yoke, and Shalmaneser V began a three-year siege of the city of Samaria that eventually brought its fall (740 B.C.E.) and Israel’s exile. (2Ki 17:1-6; 18:9-11; Ho 7:11; 8:7-10)

• SARGON II sent an Israelite priest back from exile to instruct them in “the religion of the God of the land.”​—2Ki 17:24-28

• Sennacherib, the son of Sargon II, attacked the kingdom of Judah during Hezekiah’s 14th year (732 B.C.E.)

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The beginning of Sargon’s reign is generally considered to coincide with
the fall of Samaria in the sixth year of Judean King Hezekiah’s rule (740 B.C.E.), and Sargon is often credited with having completed the conquest of that city begun by Shalmaneser V. (2 Ki. 18:10) The Bible account of Samaria’s fall at 2 Kings 17:1-6 mentions only Shalmaneser (V) by name. However, while specifically referring to him at the time of his making Hoshea tributary to Assyria, Shalmaneser’s name is not repeated in the succeeding verses, reference simply being made to the “king of Assyria” in the description of the later siege and deportation of the Israelites. In the parallel account in 2 Kings 18:9, Shalmaneser is named as at least having initiated the siege of Samaria, but verse 10 states: “And they got to capture it at the end of three years.” Thus the Bible record does not specify that Shalmaneser completed the capture of Samaria and allows for the possibility of Sargon’s having done so.it

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"The king of Assyria then brought people from Babylon*, Cuthah, Avva, Hamath, and Sepharvaim and settled them in the cities of Samaria in place of the Israelites; they took possession of Sa·marʹi·a and lived in its cities" - 2 Kings 17:24

* BABYLON : The later name given to BABEL

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"However, each different nation made their own god,* which they placed in the houses of worship on the high places that the Sa·marʹi·tans had made" - 2 Kings 17:28

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" Isaiah briefly describes one of Sargon’s military campaigns: “Tartan came to Ashdod, when Sargon the king of Assyria sent him, and he proceeded to war against Ashdod and to capture it.” (Isaiah 20:1)* Why does Sargon order an attack on the Philistine city of Ashdod? For one thing, Philistia is an ally of Egypt, and Ashdod, home to a temple of Dagon, is located on the road that runs along the coast from Egypt through Palestine. The city is thus in a strategic location. Its capture can be viewed as a preliminary step to the conquest of Egypt. In addition, Assyrian records report that Azuri, Ashdod’s king, was conspiring against Assyria. Hence, Sargon has the rebellious king removed and puts the king’s younger brother, Ahimiti, on the throne. Still, that does not settle matters. Another revolt breaks out, and this time Sargon takes more forceful action. He orders an attack on Ashdod, which is besieged and conquered. Likely, Isaiah 20:1 is alluding to this event. [...]" - ip vol I chap 16 par 6

Inscriptions show Assyrian King Sargon II as deposing the local king Azuri and installing Ahimiti in his place. A revolt caused Sargon to campaign against Philistia, conquering Gath, “Asdudu” (Ashdod), and “Asdudimmu” (Ashdod-by-the-Sea, evidently a separate place located on the seacoast). This may be the campaign referred to at Isaiah 20:1 and a partial fulfillment of the prophecy at Amos 1:8 - it

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